wages of workers present from startup increase after former MNE workers join domestic firms. Likewise, there is no … differential increase in size for startups joined by former MNE workers and startups that were not yet joined by former MNE workers …-directors, high and low wage workers. Former MNE workers are the highest earners in startups, suggesting that they have a higher …

links on wages between workers from Western, Central–Eastern, and Southern Europe employed in manufacturing and non … pressure on wages in Europe. This effect mainly concerns workers from Western Europe employed in manufacturing and is driven by …, but the pressure of GVC imports on wages in Western Europe is not economically negligible, in particular when inputs are …

employment in Brazil, Mexico and South Africa, distinguishing between dependent and independent workers. For each country, we use … formal sector. Yet the dual structure is not balanced in the same way in all three countries. Most of the self-employment …

-least-squares method. The results indicate that GVC position is negatively correlated both with wages and with employment, while the effect …This article examines the overall effect of global value chains (GVCs) on labour market outcomes, namely wages and …

discrimination among European employees. The results indicate that wages of workers employed in sectors more involved in GVC are … lower. However, the relationship between GVC and wages differs in respect to gender; women are more affected by the negative …

wages in ten Central and Eastern European countries in the period 2005-2014. We combine GVC measures of global import …-data on workers from EU-SILC. We find that the wages of CEEC workers are higher when their industry is at the beginning of the … associated with lower wages. Higher upstream, this effect is not sustained. …