worst effects of poverty. This paper explores an ancient harbinger of mass education, among Jews in the Roman empire, the … teachers. The sacred culture of education came to dominate the lives of most European Jews until 1789 and was instrumental in …

links on wages between workers from Western, Central–Eastern, and Southern Europe employed in manufacturing and non … pressure on wages in Europe. This effect mainly concerns workers from Western Europe employed in manufacturing and is driven by …, but the pressure of GVC imports on wages in Western Europe is not economically negligible, in particular when inputs are …

This article examines the overall effect of global value chains (GVCs) on labour market outcomes, namely wages and …-least-squares method. The results indicate that GVC position is negatively correlated both with wages and with employment, while the effect …