combination of public health measures, rising living standards, and new medical knowledge all played their part in this. Even if … AMR increases, the continuing effect of these factors and of new public health measures can limit the negative …

-19 mortality statistics must go through a similar procedure so policymakers can better target their public health …

World War 1 exacerbated the cost of the influenza epidemic of 1918-19 in two ways. First, it facilitated the spread the … flu virus through the movement of clusters of infected soldiers and sailors. Second, it constrained public health measures … that would have reduced mortality (as during the Covid-19 epidemic). While there is no obvious way of estimating any …

The global COVID-19 pandemic recalls the Ebola epidemic of 2014-15 and earlier much more lethal plague epidemics. All …