This paper investigates parental time investment in children prior to formal schooling as a source of intergenerational … income persistence in the U.S. I develop a dynamic general equilibrium model where lifetime income endogenously persists … including the U.S. income quintile transition matrix. I find that the parental time investment channel accounts for nearly 40 …

substantial and heterogeneous employment responses that increased average income despite reduced transfers. We find zero effects …, consistent with the transition to employment elevating time pressure and stress. We find no effect on teenagers' education and …

in college applications. The results contribute to the discussion of the gender gap in performance in education …

maternal education levels and gaps in outcomes are calculated between each group. Quantile decompositions of the pairwise gaps … decompositions show consistently significant effects for income, number of childrens books in the home and maternal age. …

explained by improvements in early parental investment. This study demonstrates that boosting children's early cognitive skills … fade-out at age nine, with significant treatment effects on cognitive skills (0.67SD) and school achievement tests (0 … outcomes and earlier effects for socio-emotional skills are no longer evident. While about 50 percent of the sample is retained …

This study investigates the role of family structure on cognitive outcomes of children. Using the rich panel data … changes in family structure. We find that children who stay-in or move-to non-intact families have lower reading scores than … boys' by their parents' divorce/remarriage or the presence of step-family members. Moreover, analysis by heritage reveals …