intensity of competition in firms' product markets, on the importance of collective wage bargaining and on other structural and …

This paper extends Boone (2008) by introducing a competition measure at the individual firm level rather than for an … profitability (MRP). Its intuition is that when a small change in efficiency derived from marginal costs can cause a large change in … and measures competition vis-à-vis other market participants. We apply this extended Boone indicator to individual bank …

the lower marginal costs implied by the TLTROs. Indirect effects on non-bidders operate via changes in the competitive …

We study empirically how competition among high-frequency traders (HFTs) affects their trading behavior and market …-frequency competition, and contains an exogenous event - a tick size reform - which we use to disentangle the effects of the rising share of … high-frequency trading in the market from the effects of high-frequency competition. We find that when HFTs compete, their …