banks and supervisory authorities of all EU member states. This paper describes the design and structure of the new data set …

We study the relationship between banks' size and risk-taking in the context of supranational banking supervision …-big-to-fail effect, we find an inverse relationship between banks' size and non-performing loan growth for a sample of European banks …-up rather than incentives alignment among the supervisors and the banks. …

When the Covid-19 crisis struck, banks using internal-rating based (IRB) models quickly recognized the increase in risk … and reduced lending more than banks using a standardized approach. This effect is not driven by borrowers' quality or by … banks in countries with credit booms before the pandemic. The higher risk sensitivity of IRB models does not always result …

until the 1960s. Central banks had credibility to keep inflation low even during wartime. It was lost as inflation rose in …