show that large TARGET balances can only arise with excess liquidity. The interpretation of TARGET balances therefore … depends on the monetary policy context in which excess liquidity is created. We distinguish three phases of TARGET balances … excess liquidity is likely to persist on account of higher demand for central bank reserves compared to the pre-crisis period …

area. In a structural VAR, we identify a liquidity shock rooted in the interbank market and use its impulse response … Gertler and Kiyotaki (2010). We highlight two main results. First, an identi.ed liquidity shock causes a sizable and … in 2008.09. Second, the liquidity injected in the market by the ECB played an important role in attenuating the …

We analyse the impact of the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) on the demand for central bank reserves in the euro area … crisis and the associated introduction of new liquidity regulation. …

and NGEU initiatives helped improve EU bonds' market liquidity from previously low levels, also reducing liquidity risk … premia. Eurosystem purchases and holdings of EU bonds did not impair market liquidity. Currently, one obstacle to EU bonds …

We analyze the pledging behavior of Euro area banks during the introduction of the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR). The … national liquidity requirements to proxy for banks' incentives to exploit this differential treatment of central bank eligible … national liquidity requirement pledge more and less liquid collateral than banks with a preceding national liquidity …

’ funding structures jointly with that in their excess liquidity holdings. We find evidence that banks highly exposed to the …, importantly, the explicit consideration of the role of excess liquidity in our analysis. …

We study how banks manage their liquidity among the various assets at their disposal. We exploit the introduction of … assets over time. Our results imply that frictions in one market for liquidity can spill over to several markets. …