reforms affect R&D investment and patent activity. First, a "micro" reformthat abolishes barriers to entry in the banking … suggests that whilst micro reforms boost innovation, macro reforms may appear negative. We test and find empirical support for …

This paper aims at investigating the relationship between firms' profit efficiency, access to finance and innovation … efficiency in order to increase profitability. Among firms that have embarked in product innovation, those in the industry and … help to better understand the link between innovation, financial constraints and efficiency, which goes beyond the idea …

We provide the first cross-country evidence of the effect of investment by private equity firms on innovation, focusing … covering the period 1991-2004, we study how private equity finance affects patent applications and patent grants. We address … funds and insurance companies across countries and over time. We also control for the standard determinants of innovation …

We examine the extent to which environmental regulation affects innovation and which policy types provide the strongest … environmental technology innovation. At the firm-level, however, environmental policy tightening leads to higher innovation activity … in technologies mitigating climate change, while the effect on innovation in other technologies is muted. This suggests …

carbon-intensive sectors produce more green patents as stock markets deepen. We also document an increase in carbon emissions …