In this paper, the literature on trade and development is surveyed, especially that regarding the role of … complementarities associated with trade infrastructure. The empirical literature shows that, on average, trade causes growth, but the … investment in soft and hard infrastructure has an unambiguously positive impact on trade flows, the theoretical literature argues …

having a dramatic impact on services, especially in the retail, trade and finance sectors, by enabling firms to digitize … trade costs, discusses how e-commerce is transforming sales to both domestic and foreign consumers, and considers how the … Internet is making firms more mobile. Despite the enormous potential benefits, the use of the Internet to conduct digital trade …

Transportation corridors and reduced trade costs are essential to develop Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation … (CAREC) countries' foreign trade. However, to intensify intra-CAREC trade as well as the region's global exports, the product … as trade policy, coordination of sectoral policies, diversification, and business reforms. In particular, the countries …

; and Mongolia. To this end, a panel-gravity trade model with series over 2001 to 2017 is provided to estimate the gravity …

This paper assesses the interaction of international trade with climate policies, and the influence of trade on the … implementation of SDG 13 (climate change). Although international trade contributes directly to GHG emissions, increased trade can …. Given that emissions are not universally priced, the paper examines where policies related to trade may be misaligned with …

participated actively in the process of globalization. However, possible interlinks between population urbanization and trade … explaining the cereals trade-population urbanization nexus, showing how cereals supply constrains population urbanization and how … international trade can change this constraint. Then, it presents historical evidence, empirical tests, and case studies from the …

Market-oriented reforms, such as liberalizing trade and encouraging foreign direct investment, can generate large … exposure to international trade, and access to technology across the country. We assess the extent to which exposure to foreign …. In our work, we also extend much of the literature to consider the interplay between trade and technology on labor demand …

because their economies are so large and the size of the associated bilateral trade imbalances with the United States (US) so … the reciprocal General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) market-access bargain … explore US attempts to reduce the bilateral imbalances through targeted trade policies intended to slow growth of US imports …

Trade finance shortfalls now appear regularly. Does this matter for trade expansion and economic development in … developing countries? Global trade finance has resumed following the 2009 global financial crisis. However, the pattern of … recovery has been uneven across countries and categories of firms. The recovery has been robust for the main routes of trade …

This paper quantifies the impact of international transport time on bilateral trade flows in goods using previously … that an extra day spent in international transit reduces bilateral trade by just under one percent at the sample median. In … international transport time uncertainty reduces bilateral trade flows by just over one percent. Splitting the sample into …