This study reviews the concepts and features of both central bank and private sector money and focuses on them in selected advanced and emerging economies. As a newly emerged form of private sector money, digital coins (cryptoassets) such as bitcoin have garnered much attention because their...

This paper takes an overview of the concepts and features of central bank money and private sector money and focuses on the actual performance of these types of money in selected advanced and emerging economies. In addition, digital coins (crypto assets), such as bitcoin, are newly emerged...

This paper argues that the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea) is not immune to global crises, but that a more than proportional response of gross domestic product to global crises does not seem to be the general case either. Along this line of reasoning, Korea's extreme response to the current...

We assess the evolution of spillover effects of unconventional monetary policies (UMPs) on Asia and the Pacific region, and evaluate the impact on and implications for the macroeconomy. We develop a Panel Vector Auto Regression model for Asia and the Pacific region for a period covering data...

We estimate international spillover effects of US Quantitative Easing (QE) on emerging market economies (EMEs). Using a Bayesian VAR on monthly US macroeconomic and financial data, we first identify the US QE shock. The identified US QE shock is then used in a monthly Bayesian panel VAR for EMEs...

Japan's "two lost decades" perhaps represent an extreme example of a weak recovery from a financial crisis, and are now referred to as "Japanization." More recently, widespread stagnation in advanced economies in the wake of the global financial crisis led to fears that Japanization might spread...

This study examines the role and effectiveness of the several modes of financial inclusion and technology for uninterrupted economic and business activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study is based on empirical analysis through statistical estimation of four mathematical equations. The...

Hong Kong, China's housing market witnessed dramatic appreciations recently, with the price index for private domestic housing units being 3 times higher than 10 years ago. This trend is supported by both internal and external factors, as illustrated in this paper. By providing a theoretical...

Access to credit is still one of the greatest obstacles to the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Viet Nam, and, to date, only 39% of SMEs have bank loans. SMEs' loans account for 22% of the total bank lending for the overall economy, whereas SMEs constitute 97% of the total...

This study examines the impact of remittance inflows on the economic growth of Nepal using annual time series data spanning from 1993 to 2020. Moreover, it investigates the moderating role of institutional quality in this relationship. The analysis adopts the bound test approach of the...