In this paper, the literature on trade and development is surveyed, especially that regarding the role of … complementarities associated with trade infrastructure. The empirical literature shows that, on average, trade causes growth, but the … investment in soft and hard infrastructure has an unambiguously positive impact on trade flows, the theoretical literature argues …

This paper presents an overview of the trade and policy issues in the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals … the attention they merit, despite their profound consequences on how to use - or not use - trade policies for promoting … development. Following this, it examines the three major phases in the MDG/SDG progress: first, a pro-trade agenda during the …

This paper aims to confirm the impact of ICT on Indonesia's trade with ASEAN partner countries and the use of ICT on … have a significant positive impact in increasing the trade value of Indonesia to trading partner countries in ASEAN. In … trade between Indonesia and ASEAN countries. Based on the results, the use of ICT can be a key booster for Indonesia's trade …

This paper shows that regional trade integration shifts the burden of the exchange rate adjustment towards the less … integrated trading partners. Thus, they bear the cost of trade balance expansion, while competitive exchange rate moves vis …-a-vis RTA trading partners result in no expansion or deterioration of the overall trade balance. First, using the data on 138 …

Digital trade facilitation refers to the application of modern information and communication technologies (ICTs) to … simplify and automate international trade procedures. It is rapidly becoming essential to maintaining trade competitiveness and … dematerializing trade data and documents and enabling their electronic exchange, commonly referred to as paperless trade measures, are …

having a dramatic impact on services, especially in the retail, trade and finance sectors, by enabling firms to digitize … trade costs, discusses how e-commerce is transforming sales to both domestic and foreign consumers, and considers how the … Internet is making firms more mobile. Despite the enormous potential benefits, the use of the Internet to conduct digital trade …

In various Asian countries, international trade has raised productivity, lowered markups through import competition …, reduced poverty. This is in sharp contrast to the impact of trade in some of the Latin American countries, which suggests … consequences of trade that already been found for Asia. Apart from raising inequality, trade can increase informality, especially …

Free trade agreements (FTAs) have become a prominent feature of the multilateral trading system and an important … instrument of trade policy for members of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The proliferation of FTAs is the result of a number … proliferation of FTAs in east Asia benefits the regional trade and economic growth, questions have been raised about "Asian noodle …

Agricultural trade is vitally important for achieving the goal of ending hunger by 2030 enshrined in the second … Sustainable Development Goal (SDG). While trade is frequently seen as posing threats to this vitally important goal, it can in … fact play a major role in achieving it. Trade helps in a number of ways, by allowing countries to take advantage of their …

, south of, and across the Caspian Sea. Since 1500, maritime transport has dominated trade between Europe and East Asia … from 1917 to 1991. Practically all the trade links ran north to the Russian Federation. In the 21st century, with the …, for trade in other goods, new transport corridors opened up more slowly until, in the 2010s, the PRC - EU rail links began …