's changing structure of trade, FDI and economy that underlay policy changes. We argue that until the late 1990s Japan adopted a …-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) on the one hand and on the bilateral trade relationship with the US on the other. Although the … Japan-US bilateralism sometimes resulted in "managed trade" and encountered negative perceptions of the US approach in Japan …

Trade Organization, and the Financial Stability Board - and closer collaboration between global and regional organizations … institutions to promote macroeconomic and financial stability and deepen regional trade and investment integration. …

The global financial and economic crisis has affected East Asia mainly through the trade channel. The region remains … bilateral trade and economic agreements since the late 1990s. The trigger point for regionalism in East Asia appears to be the … regional trade architecture include Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)+3 and ASEAN+6 for East Asia, the Free Trade …

Rapid trade-led economic growth in emerging Asia has been shifting the global economic and industrial centres of … gravity away from the north Atlantic, raising the importance of Asia in world trade but also altering the commodity … composition of trade by Asia and other regions. What began with Japan in the 1950s and the Republic of Korea and Taipei,China from …

failure of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) arrangement to foster trade liberalization in the region; and (iv) the … inability of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Doha Development Round to lower global trade barriers significantly. In joining … APEC, and its trade-focused Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement economic engagement with East Asia, and the EAS for …

reached at the Eighth World Trade Organization (WTO) Ministerial Meeting in December 2011. It underscores that, while marginal … liberalization of trade barriers under the Doha Development Agenda may not be forthcoming in the short- or even medium-term, the WTO … regional free-trade areas (FTAs) will continue, particularly since it is easier to make progress toward "deep integration" in a …

-Asian trade agreements. Our empirical review of CGE models revealed trivial effects of several possible EU-Asian accords (e.g., EU …-India, EU-ASEAN, EU-Republic of Korea). In part, this is a result of relatively small trade shares, open markets, and … detrimental to the EU, particularly in key sectors. The push toward a Free Trade Area of the Asia Pacific could be particularly …

cost effectively and more broadly. In line with this reasoning, we find in the data that less restrictive services trade … policies are associated with better human development outcomes across a range of sectors. Appropriate services trade …