countries. France, Germany, and Italy have large pay-as-you-go pension systems and vulnerable labor markets. At the same time …

service. Three empirical findings emerge: First, the overall employment size of women-owned businesses shrank more than men …-owned businesses after the pandemic outbreak; second, women were more likely than men to cut personal expenditures and use government … service areas of both incumbents and entrants shrinking over time. These results have implications for policies on women …

disaster and interview three female agricultural workers in Japan. In the recovery process after a natural disaster, women are … women in agricultural production and that these women have strong adaptive abilities. …

-positive women in India were infected by their husbands, their only sexual partner, which makes them difficult identify as a high … serostatus, as HIV-positive women were significantly (p<0.001) more likely to have a low level of education than their HIV … had attended secondary or higher education institutions (OR=2.27, CI=1.40 - 3.68). Results illustrate that Indian women …

Within a patriarchal society, women are placed in a precarious societal positioning that leads to a prevalence of …-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone of most Asian economies and the financial sector is dominated by banks, women in …

to explore the patterns of financial access exhibited by woman-owned exporting firms. We show that women face two levels … characteristics common to firms owned by women. Also, in line with existing work, we show that woman-owned firms tend to turn to … informal finance as an alternative more than their male counterparts. However, we also show that women are more likely to adopt …

services for women, particularly rural women. The launch of the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) in 2014 resulted in the … opening of 420 million bank accounts, of which 53.26% belonged to women, though surveys have suggested that almost 55% of … women remained registered inactive users. The World Banksupported rural livelihood programs in India have been instrumental …