Fiskalpolitik ist ein zentraler Bereich makroökonomischer Politik. Die Schuldenbremse in Deutschlands und der Fiskalpakt im Bereich der Europäischen Währungsunion haben den Spielraum für die Fiskalpolitik dysfunktional und schädlich eingeschränkt. Als Hintertür verbleiben in Deutschland...

Zusammen mit der Gründung des Deutschen Reiches im Jahr 1871 wurde eine neue Geldverfassung mit der Mark als nationaler Währung geschaffen zusammen mit der Gründung der Deutschen Reichsbank im Jahre 1876. England folgend wurde der Goldstandard etabliert mit dem Recht Banknoten in Gold zu...

Inflationary processes are closely linked to wage-price spirals - such spirals can be triggered by many factors, including natural resource price shocks, depreciation and inflationary demand. Empirically, the correlation between changes in nominal unit labour costs and the price level is strong...

An economy with a stable medium-term growth rate of zero - or any other politically determined growth rate - needs new regulations and institutions to realise this target. Such an economy would look very different compared with the existing type of capitalism we have today in the Global North....

After the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system and the beginning of the neoliberal revolution, financial markets became very unstable. The theoretical background of the neoliberal revolution stands in the tradition of Léon Walras. He was very much impressed by Isaac Newton, used his...

The markets for foreign exchange, energy and residential housing have all been strongly affected by the deregulation and expansion of the financial sector. As a result, they have begun to follow the logic of asset markets. This was especially marked in the case of the foreign exchange market...

The original Keynesian paradigm differs from the Neoclassical Synthesis and even more so from the New-Keynesian approach. In this paper, a modern framework for the original Keynesian paradigm is presented. It will highlight the key elements of the paradigm. A model is developed to determine...

This paper analyses several severe financial crises observed in the history of capitalism which led to a longer period of stagnation or low growth. Comparative case studies of the Great Depression, the Latin American debt crisis of the 1980s and the Japanese crisis of the 1990s and 2000s are...

This paper analyses financial crises from a theoretical point of view. For this it reviews what different schools of economic thought have to say about financial crises. It examines first the approaches that regard financial crises as a disturbing factor of a generally stable real economy...

This paper presents an overview of different models which explain financial crises, with the aim of understanding economic developments during and possibly after the Great Recession. In the first part approaches based on efficient markets and rational expectations hypotheses are analyzed, which...