Hardly any literature exists on the relationship between equivalence scales and poverty dynamics for transitional … countries. This paper offers a new study on the impacts of equivalence scale adjustments on poverty dynamics in the Russian … household demographic composition. The adjustments for the equivalence of scales result in lower estimates of poverty lines. The …

measuring poverty among refugee populations. However, refugee data remain scarce, particularly in relation to the measurement of … income, consumption, or expenditure. This paper offers a first attempt to measure poverty among refugees using cross … system, the proposed methodology offers out-of-sample predicted poverty rates. These estimates are not statistically …

countries as a whole have had pro-poor growth. One-third of the poor population escaped poverty during the studied period, which … is larger than the proportion of the population that fell into poverty in the same period. The region also saw a 9 … percent reduction in poverty and a 28 percent increase in the size of the middle class. However, chronic poverty remains high …