The paper shows that self-control, time preferences, and values are malleable in adults, and that investments in these skills and preferences reduce crime and violence. The authors recruited criminally-engaged Liberian men and randomized half to eight weeks of group cognitive behavioral therapy,...

Economic theory predicts that a rise in police presence will reduce criminal activity. However several studies in the literature have found mixed results. This study adds to the literature by exploring the relationship between the size of the police force and crime experienced by firms. Using...

Overview -- Organizing framework of the study and structure of the report -- Stylized facts about crime and violence in Latin America and the Caribbean -- The transmission of violence across generations and early interventions -- Youth, education, and brain development -- The nexus between...

The Eastern Europe and Central Asia region has the world's fastestgrowing HIV epidemic. Although still concentrated, the epidemic has diversified, affecting several key populations in many countries. This change has increased the number of people in need, the ways the epidemic can spread, and...

As part of a Regional initiative, Kazakhstan conducted an Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) allocative efficiency analysis in 2014 to 2015 to inform more strategic investment in HIV programs. Kazakhstan continues to experience a concentrated HIV epidemic in which the majority of new infections...

Georgia has a concentrated but growing HIV epidemic. Over the past decade, HIV prevalence has increased among all population groups, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). If current conditions (behaviors and service coverage) are sustained up to 2030, the epidemic is expected to...

Ukraine experiences one of the most severe HIV epidemics in Europe. This policy brief is a result of a team effort involving the State Institution Ukrainian Center for Socially Dangerous Disease Control of the MOH of Ukraine, and international partners. The study was part of the regional...

This report summarizes the findings of an allocative efficiency analysis to support Cote d'Ivoire's national HIV response. The study was conducted at the request of the Government of Cote d'Ivoire by the World Bank, the University of Bern, the Burnet Institute and the University of New South...

The report summarizes the findings of an allocative efficiency analysis to support Senegal's national HIV response. Senegal has recently developed a National HIV Strategic Plan (NSP) (2014-17) and a Global Fund concept note (2015-17). The Government of Senegal would like to mobilize additional...

This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness and returns on investments of HIV prevention programs implemented during 2006-2010 and to identify the optimal allocation of resources across combinations of programs for an effective HIV prevention response to inform the prioritization of...