. Despite very regressive gasoline subsidies benefitting the rich the most, the increase in gasoline prices is found to affect … program will be around 338 trillion rials, which accounts for 77 percent of the estimated total savings from the subsidies …

independence, but also inhibits the growth of national economies. In a context of growing global competition for private investment … identifies and analyzes investment incentives that governments can provide to businesses with the aim of promoting gender … jobs or investment financing, and demand-side barriers that make it more costly for firms or investors to hire or fund …

and sanitation subsidies globally has proved challenging due to utility-level data limitations and their often implicit … nature. This paper develops a methodology to estimate water supply and sanitation subsidies that is adaptable to data scarce …. The results suggest that the cost of subsidies associated with the operations, maintenance, and major repair and …

Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the European Investment Bank (EIB) and the World Bank (WB), have collaborated on a joint …