Using a novel, nationally representative data set on fraud victimization, this paper examines the impact of credit … constraints on fraud victimization and potential underlying mechanisms in Chinese urban areas. After controlling for other … points higher probability of becoming fraud victims, and have 20.4 percent higher subsequent economic losses from fraud when …

implemented in Madagascar, this method has helped to reveal probable fraud cases in the present context of customs reform …. Estimates suggest that, in 2014, customs fraud reduced non-oil customs revenues (duties and import value-added tax) by at least …

This paper draws lessons from anti-fraud experiences in social health insurance programs of six selected countries … standardized questionnaire was used to collect information on how the programs prevent, detect, and deter fraud. The questionnaire … differences in the legal framework, institutional mechanisms, and capacity to manage fraud. Across all countries, the primary …

elections. These results provide support for the notion that post-election violence is triggered by election fraud or by the …

helps curb customs fraud, but its effectiveness appears compromised by corruption … revenue and fraud detection in Madagascar. First, an instrumental variables strategy is used to show that transaction …-specific, third-party valuation advice on a subset of high-risk import declarations increases fraud findings by 21.7 percentage points …

-border traders - many of whom are women - face harassment and corruption, which can undermine these potential gains. This paper … procedures, tariffs, and rights to small-scale traders to facilitate border crossings, lower corruption, and reduce gender …