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What policies encourage firms to become formal? The standard approach emphasizes reducing the costs of compliance with government regulation. This is unlikely to be sufficient. Instead we need to understand compliance as a function not only of firm-level costs and benefits but also in terms of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012747737
Greece, Ireland, Portugal, and Spain entered a period of severe economic and financial stress in the aftermath of the 2008 crisis. Their collective experience confirmed the primacy of total debt, private or public, in affecting the onset of, depth of, and recovery from economic crises. The year...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012967481
Inflation persists at moderate rates (15-30 percent) in all the countries that successfully reduced triple-digit inflation in the 1980s. Several other countries--for example, Colombia--have experienced moderate inflation for prolonged periods. The authors introduce types of theories of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012746929
What are the current trends and main characteristics of public education spending in Indonesia? Is education spending … insufficient? Are expenditures in education efficient and equitable? This study reports the first account of Indonesia's aggregated … education enrollment. It concludes that the current challenges in Indonesia are no longer defined by the need of additional …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012747633
begins with a review of the accomplishments and remaining nutrition challenges for Indonesia. It then turns to look at the … regional diversity in Indonesia's nutrition challenges and asks which type of nutrition programs are most cost-effective. The … steps Indonesia can take to further improve population nutrition and health. The annexes provide extensive data and analysis …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012747683
-conflict nexus in rural Indonesia, and the specific role of development projects in shaping the nature, extent, and trajectories of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012747764
Indonesia Family Life Survey for 1993 and 2000, to show which pathways out of poverty were most successful over this period. The …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012747801
pest management knowledge in Indonesia among follower farmers over the period 1991-98 indicates that opinion leaders who …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012748131
service wages)? The authors illustrate this approach by assessing Indonesia's evolving intergovernmental fiscal system … instituted in the 2001 Big Bang decentralization. The discussion comes against Indonesia's recent policy decision to fully fund …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012748135
different types of skills and aggregate labor market indicators in Indonesia over a period characterized by a commodity boom …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012857745