, the volatility of growth and the volatility of trade flows tend to move together; they declined from the 1990s until 2009 …, followed by an increase since 2009. This paper explores the drivers of such movements in trade-flow volatility. The analysis … decomposes trade growth into six components to study their contribution to the overall volatility of trade flows, and presents …

This paper examines how the ability to access long-term debt affects firm-level growth volatility. The analysis finds … growth volatility in countries with better-developed financial systems, as these firms may benefit from reduced refinancing … risk and therefore growth volatility associated with short-term financing. Increased availability of long-term finance …

measures, the financial globalization index corrects for the heteroscedasticity of global volatility. This leads to a downward … globalization reduces market volatility (measured by the volatility of stock returns) in tranquil times, and increases it in … turbulent ones. On average, the first effect dominates, so that financial globalization leads to a decrease in market volatility …

The author examines the impact of the volatility of foreign portfolio investment on the financial constraints of small …, the author finds that the volatility of foreign portfolio investment is only significantly associated with a decreased … volatility of foreign portfolio investment only hinders the growth of small firms significantly in periods when nations are …

Between 1999 and 2008, world oil prices more than quadrupled in real terms. For oil importers, vulnerability to oil … domestic product. Oil intensity fell in more than half the countries in every income group and in every region of the world … pass-through to consumers of increases in world prices of gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas between …

For individual countries, variable trade barriers can be used to reduce the volatility of domestic relative to world … prices. If this is done by countries accounting for a large share of the market, its effect is offset by increases in world … price volatility. This study shows the nature of the resulting collective action problem, with the policy being ineffective …

, and the current consensus seems to be that there is at most a weak negative effect of exchange rate volatility on … aggregate trade flows. However, most of this literature examines the impact of exchange rate volatility on aggregate trade flows …, implicitly assuming a uniform impact of this volatility on exporters across sectors. This paper explots the fact that, if …

-- the opposite of what is usually thought of when considering inter-sector trade retaliation. Phasing down World Trade … to raise their import restrictions when international prices slump. To date there is no parallel discipline in the World … through new World Trade Organization rules could help alleviate the extent to which government responses to exogenous price …

This paper addresses the mechanisms by which trade openness affects growth volatility. Using a diverse set of export … effect of trade openness on growth volatility. The authors also identify positive thresholds for product diversification at … which the effect of openness on volatility changes sign. The effect is shown to be positive only for a minority of countries …