variety of imitation- to innovation-based intermediate goods. A key mechanism through which productivity increases initially … imitation sector. The process of industrialization increases the demand for high-skill labor, inducing individuals to invest in …

widely accepted "stylized facts" about the development process. The paper tries to explain what is missing from those …

In recent years, the term "middle-income trap" has entered common parlance in the development policy community. The …

This paper focuses on three interrelated questions on urbanization and the geography of development. First, although we … herald cities with their industrial bases as "engines of growth," does industrialization in fact drive urbanization? While … industrialization correlate only weakly with changes in urbanization. This suggests that policy and institutional factors may also …

Modern economic development is accompanied by the structural transformation from an agrarian to an industrial economy … huge opportunity for lower wage countries to start a phase of labor-intensive industrialization. This process, called the … China, the winner must implement credible economic development strategies that are consistent with its comparative advantage …

This paper examines productivity growth in Romania using balance sheet data for a census of Romanian firms in 2011 …-17. Three measures of productivity are estimated: labor productivity, revenue total factor productivity, and revenue total … factor productivity adjusted for markups. Drawing from these measures, the paper follows a two-step approach to answer two …

This paper is about micro foundations of productivity and growth. There are several studies on productivity for … productivity at firm, industry and national levels, but total factor productivity progressively tapers off at each level of …; (ii) capital accumulation is more important at the macro level than the micro level; (iii) productivity at the micro level …

that generates private sector-led, productivity-driven growth supported by measures to improve governance and business …

This paper reviews the evidence on the importance of human capital for macro-economic development. Through the lens of … importance of these channels: cross-country regressions, development accounting and quantitative models. The key findings in the …