constrained. This paper analyses whether, and how, micro-finance supports a large public health subsidy program in the developing … a puzzle. One under-studied reason is that the design of subsidy schemes is such that households remain financially … world -- the Swachh Bharat Mission -- in achieving its aim of increasing uptake of individual household latrines. Exploiting …

Handling charges in Caribbean ports are two to three times higher than in similar ports in other regions of the world … development, and (iv) performance, including pricing and finance issues. The report concludes by benchmarking the efficiency of …

microfinance institution used subsidies at a rate of just $26 per borrower, and no subsidy was used by the institution at the 25th … subsidy: the median microfinance nongovernmental organization used subsidy at a rate of $23 per borrower, and subsidy for the …Recent evidence suggests only modest social and economic impacts of microfinance. Favorable cost-benefit ratios then …

This paper describes a new index of the quality of the business environment for microfinance institutions (the Global … Microscope on the Microfinance Business Environment). Regressions are used to validate the index by linking it and its … subcomponents to microfinance outcomes. The main findings are that the components of the index related to the supporting …

In light of the recent microfinance crisis in South India, government-run institutions in general, and primary … (microfinance institutions, informal lenders, etc.) before repaying their primary agricultural credit cooperative loans. The authors …

ownership structure (such as cooperatives), and microfinance institutions. The authors use the data set to conduct a rough … estimation of the number of bank accounts in the world (6.2 billion) as well as the number of banked and unbanked individuals. In …

Microfinance is generally seen as a way to fix credit markets and unleash the productive capacities of poor people who … are dependent on self-employment. The microfinance sector has grown quickly since the 1990s, paving the way for other …, generating a backlash against microfinance. This paper reconsiders the claims about microfinance, highlighting the diversity in …

consumer support estimates in fact captures price gaps as market transfers to producers or consumers. Differences in subsidy … valuation arise from assumptions made to compensate for missing data and the scope of subsidy measurement. Having a common … countries and sectors, benchmarking pricing, and assessing subsidy policies. Subsidy measurement should not be viewed as a one …

government will not know in advance whether the subsidy is World Trade Organization-legal …This paper provides a detailed explanation how the law of the World Trade Organization regulates environmental … relevant World Trade Organization rules and case law, including the recent Canada-Renewable Energy case. The paper also makes …

dollar. Without downplaying the importance of subsidy elimination, the paper concludes that these impediments should receive …