constrained. This paper analyses whether, and how, micro-finance supports a large public health subsidy program in the developing … a puzzle. One under-studied reason is that the design of subsidy schemes is such that households remain financially … world -- the Swachh Bharat Mission -- in achieving its aim of increasing uptake of individual household latrines. Exploiting …

This paper evaluates effectiveness of microfinance using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method applied to data … the original study and provide more nuanced evidence by comparing Microfinance Institution (MFI) borrowers to those … true microfinance impact. The results suggest that microfinance can make a modest difference for some households in several …

studies attempted to answer this question using ad hoc measures of port efficiency that do not control for the actual use of … port assets or measures that can be very noisy. To avoid these problems, this paper builds a measure of economic efficiency … Western Pacific Oceans in terms of their port efficiency, and assesses the effect of increased efficiency. It finds that …

electricity to illicit uses can increase overall economic efficiency when this leads to less electricity use by farmers, thus …

microfinance institution used subsidies at a rate of just $26 per borrower, and no subsidy was used by the institution at the 25th … subsidy: the median microfinance nongovernmental organization used subsidy at a rate of $23 per borrower, and subsidy for the …Recent evidence suggests only modest social and economic impacts of microfinance. Favorable cost-benefit ratios then …

In light of the recent microfinance crisis in South India, government-run institutions in general, and primary … (microfinance institutions, informal lenders, etc.) before repaying their primary agricultural credit cooperative loans. The authors …

government will not know in advance whether the subsidy is World Trade Organization-legal …This paper provides a detailed explanation how the law of the World Trade Organization regulates environmental … relevant World Trade Organization rules and case law, including the recent Canada-Renewable Energy case. The paper also makes …

The paper provides basic guidelines and tools for simulating subsidy reforms with Stata using a single cross … I provides basic instructions for carrying out subsidy analyses. Part II outlines economic theory and formulae for the …

dollar. Without downplaying the importance of subsidy elimination, the paper concludes that these impediments should receive …

associated fiscal burden. For the selected sample of 20 developing countries, the average energy subsidy recorded in the budget … subsidy reform, implementation of compensatory social policies and an effective communication strategy, before the changes …