evaluating economically optimal allocations of the world's land resources. A dynamic, forward-looking optimization framework … productivity shocks from climate change have a modest effect on global land use, such shocks combined with rapid growth in energy …

-middle-income countries. Improved energy efficiency, reflected in the declining energy intensity of gross domestic product, has substantially … contributed to limit global carbon dioxide emissions at the current level; otherwise, the world's current carbon dioxide emissions … would have been 40 percent higher. Despite the recent rapid expansion of renewable energy, its contribution to slowing the …

viability. For nuclear power to play a major role in meeting the future global energy needs and mitigating the threat of climate … small electric grids, SMRs can more effectively address the energy needs of small developing countries …

options includes the avoided welfare cost of diverting consumption to scaling up the new technology after production … technology that is potentially less productive than incumbent technologies. The paper uses a real options approach to investigate … includes a one-time cost associated with scaling up the alternative technology. The value of the option provided by investment …

technologies. In the "old" sector, technology has global diminishing returns to scale and depends on the use of fossil energy that … interactions between the impacts of climate change and increasing returns in the development of "clean-technology" sectors. A … gives rise to long-lived, damaging climate change. In the "new" sector, the technology has convex-concave production and is …

fuel taxation and a renewable energy mandate financed through increased electricity prices, have been considered to attract … investment in renewable energy. The study shows that meeting the renewable target would achieve up to 15 percent reduction of … meet the renewable energy target in Morocco, as the former would cause a lower loss in economic welfare and a larger …

energy standards, and energy efficiency improvements, to achieve their climate change mitigation targets. However, in many … how a renewable energy standard in the power sector would interact with a national emission trading scheme that is … China to simulate policy measures, the study finds that the addition of a separate renewable energy standard policy would …

Integration of large-scale variable renewable energy (VRE) generation resources -- wind and solar -- into national …

finance (transitioning from fossil to non-fossil energy use at scale), and transformational policy-based mitigation finance …