While the economic returns to using chemical fertilizer in Africa can be large, application rates are low. This study … that while fertilizer markets are not altogether missing in rural Ethiopia, high transport costs, unfavorable climate …, price risk, and illiteracy present formidable hurdles to farmer participation. Moreover, the combination of factors that …

to reduce fuel prices, most for gasoline. Absolute "pass-through" of crude oil price changes to fuel prices is found to …

complex in a large country that determines the biodiesel price, reflecting market equilibrium changes resulting from … volatility in the crude oil price. Oilseed crushing produces joint products -- oil and meal ?-- and this weakens the link between … both canola and soybeans are used to produce biodiesel, an increase in the crude oil price leads to higher canola prices …

to use more fertilizer has been a key tactic. Closing the productivity gap between male and female farmers has been … another avenue toward achieving the same goal. The results in this paper suggest the two are related. Fertilizer use and maize …

Inorganic fertilizer use across Sub-Saharan Africa is generally considered to be low. Yet, this belief is predicated on … role of risk and uncertainty, this paper empirically estimates the profitability of fertilizer use for maize production in … Nigeria. The analysis finds that inorganic fertilizer use in Nigeria is not as low as conventional wisdom suggests. Low …

following several years of high food prices, concerted policy efforts to intensify fertilizer and hybrid seed use, and increased …

, but also the possibly low consumption outcomes when harvests fail, discourage the application of fertilizer. The lack of …