This paper attempts to improve the understanding and measurement of decentralization and its relationship with … superior and more defensible measures of both decentralization in its various dimensions as well as corruption for a sample of … demonstrates that decentralization, when properly measured to mean moving government closer to people by empowering local …

Despite a world awash with liquidity, large infrastructure supply gaps exist across developing and emerging markets …

Over the past decade, decentralization of fiscal and policy-making authority has become a cornerstone of development …

. Despite the decentralization of financial responsibility and authority to relatively autonomous local level governments …

delivery through decentralization. School based management typically takes many years to have an impact on educational outcomes … World Bank and partner agencies …

arisen in the policy process in different countries. The models are: public administration; decentralization; pay and …

the world. The system is primarily focused on a gap-filling approach to provincial-local finance to ensure revenue …

In the past three decades, emerging countries have gone through extensive decentralization reforms. Yet, there are no … studies assessing quantitatively the relative importance of various factors known to affect the success of decentralization … needs; and political economy constraints. Although all four factors affect decentralization, the largest determinant of …