, despite well-known deficiencies. This paper develops and applies optimal aggregators for the real-world case of multiple … incorporation of both intensive and extensive margins of adjustment to reform. Applications confirm that the technique is …. Sensitivity analysis suggests that, for global trade reform, the ease of substitution between tariff lines is much more important …

This paper summarizes the major arguments and proposals to reform the modus operandi of the World Trade Organization … internal and external transparency of World Trade Organization processes. Some proposals for structural reform ignore incentive … constraints and the fact that the World Trade Organization is an incomplete contract that must be self-enforcing. Others -- such …

subsidy reform, implementation of compensatory social policies and an effective communication strategy, before the changes …

affects access, quality, and labor productivity, but negatively affects affordability. However, reform policies affect … it affects performance and interacts with reform policies …

relevant for emerging markets as they integrate financially with the rest of the world. This paper argues that, because of the …

(the VIX, the U.S. real interest rate and real exchange rate, U.S. GDP growth, and world commodity prices) that explain …

This paper analyzes the impact of Covid-19 and uncooperative trade policies on world food markets. It quantifies the … percent on average. Escalating export restrictions would multiply the initial shock by a factor of 3, with world food prices …