This paper examines the earnings premiums associated with different types of employment in 73 countries. Workers are …, there are large net shifts from non-professional own-account work into formal wage employment. Across all regions and income …

Informal employment is ubiquitous in developing countries, but few studies have estimated workers'switching costs … between informal and formal employment. This paper builds on the empirical literature grounded in discrete choice models to … employment are significantly lower than the costs of entry in formal employment. Simulations of labor-market adjustments caused …

employment in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially in lower-income countries. Household enterprises tend to operate with limited …

, the unorganized sector is large, accounting for more than 99 percent of establishments and 80 percent of employment in … manufacturing. Second, the unorganized sector is stubbornly persistent -- it accounted for 81 percent of manufacturing employment in … states show limited change in unorganized sector employment shares. Fourth, the degree to which localized unorganized …

between informal employment and household poverty and life satisfaction, but it is not robust to changes in econometric … specification or sample composition. The authors conclude that the evidence indicates that informal employment in the Russian …

urbanization may well bear on the speed of poverty reduction. This paper reviews the latter question within the context of Tanzania … cities because many more (poor) rural migrants ended up in Tanzania's towns than its cities, despite larger welfare gains … access off-farm employment and exit poverty because they are more nearby. It concludes with a call for greater consideration …

' housing and location choices at a distance from various employment subcenters, while accounting at the same time for land …