Corruption. These aggregate indicators are based on hundreds of specific and disaggregated individual variables measuring various …

Corruption. The latest aggregate indicators are based on hundreds of specific and disaggregated individual variables measuring …

Stability and Absence of Violence, Government Effectiveness, Regulatory Quality, Rule of Law, and Control of Corruption. This …

absence of violence, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of corruption. The latest …

subsidies for water and electricity services. Their analysis of a wide range of subsidy models from around the developing world … shows that the most common form of utility subsidy - quantity-based subsidies delivered through the tariff structure - are … effectiveness of consumption subsidy schemes to reach the poor. Simulations suggest that connection subsidies are an attractive …

a puzzle. One under-studied reason is that the design of subsidy schemes is such that households remain financially … constrained. This paper analyses whether, and how, micro-finance supports a large public health subsidy program in the developing … levels: First, micro-credit allows households officially ineligible for the subsidy to invest in sanitation by alleviating …

The paper compares the distribution of energy and food subsidies across households and the impact of subsidy reforms on …. The results show that the distribution of subsidies and the welfare effects of subsidy reforms are quite diverse across …