integration, namely, trade volumes, export/trade patterns by product (primary and manufacturing goods), and by destination (inter …

. Export vulnerability depends first on the overall level of export exposure, measured as the share of exports in gross … gross domestic product using a gravity model of trade. Furthermore, export vulnerability is computed separately for … composition of their export basket. Although the results suggest differences in elasticity estimates across regions as well as …

the rollout of the Internet across Chinese provinces between 1999 and 2007 influenced firms' export behavior. The …

. However, employment growth did not follow the substantial export growth that South Africa experienced in the 2000s. This paper …'s export growth helps to understand the weak relationship between export and employment growth. Minerals exports, which … propelled export as well as wage growth, are not job intensive and as a result supported far less job growth. Minerals have also …

authors find that the current export structure of Argentina is not conducive to future growth because it is dominated by low …, including partly processed meat, fish and grains. If economic growth is to be fostered by developing new export products and by …

neighboring countries, Vietnam and Thailand. Lao PDR has extensive export controls on rice, generating a sizable difference … that export their staple food …

This note examines in detail Brazil?s export performance over the past 15 years, focusing not only on growth and …

This paper explores the use of fiscal policy to accelerate development in Pakistan during the period 2013-2022, with a … final high-growth scenario explores requirements and consequences for Pakistan's economy if, during the period 2013-2022, it …