transactions take place. The authors find that globalization via the diversification channel expanded throughout the world during …

finance, exposure to corruption, and sales growth. Relying on a data set of more than 70,000 firms in 121 countries, the … financial constraints than unaudited firms. On the other hand, audited firms face a significantly higher level of corruption … considerations of the endogeneity of auditing and to alternative measures of corruption and financial constraints. The findings …

Anti-corruption initiatives increasingly use multi-stakeholder groups, comprised of representatives from government …

corruption in a worldwide context. This is done by presenting the conceptual underpinnings of such relationship as well as using … superior and more defensible measures of both decentralization in its various dimensions as well as corruption for a sample of … governments, is shown to have significant negative effect on the incidence of corruption regardless of the choice of the …

Control of Corruption. The aggregate indicators are based on several hundred individual underlying variables, taken from a …

We determine how time delays affect international trade, using newly-collected World Bank data on the days it takes to …

Handling charges in Caribbean ports are two to three times higher than in similar ports in other regions of the world … a neighboring island no more than 100 miles away. The reasons for high port-handling costs are linked to procedural … performance of port management and operations. The Organization of Eastern Caribbean States shares the larger Caribbean region …

, where constraints in access, pricing, reliability, and network interfaces, particularly in the port and rail network, are … with secondary research to examine South Africa's port and rail network, and explores the underlying factors contributing … more broadly accessible and competitive rail and port sector based on international case examples. It highlights the need …

significantly affects firm inventory behavior. In particular, road density and transport costs to the port are important to … determine the optimal inventory level. With more roads in a city and/or cheaper access to the port, firms would hold smaller …

extensive data on container imports in the Port of Douala, it seeks to provide a basic understanding of why containers stay on …, operational performance of port operators and efficiency of customs clearance operations. Shipment level analysis is used to …, density of value, bulking and packaging type, last port of call, and region of origin or commodity group on cargo dwell time …