sizes around the world. The case of pallets is examined to illustrate the impact of multiplicity of standards on trade costs …. We select this case because pallets are used all around the world, pallet standards are not too sophisticated, and data … because of the lack of rental and exchange pallet markets. To mitigate the costs of this multiplicity of standards, the World …

natural disaster. The World Bank Group and the Government of Japan established the Quality Infrastructure Investment …Disruption of infrastructure services can cause significant social and economic losses, particularly in the event of a … Partnership to focus attention on the quality dimensions of infrastructure in developing countries, with a focus on promoting …

income. Moreover, the rate of change of trade costs is largely unfavorable to the developing world: trade costs are falling …

This paper studies the impact of transport infrastructure projects of the Belt and Road Initiative on shipment times … shipment times and trade costs. For the world, the average reduction in shipment time will range between 1.2 and 2.5 percent …

The Belt and Road Initiative, due to its diverse and extensive infrastructure investments, poses a wide range of … emissions. Others, such as transportation infrastructure, due to their vast geographic reach, generate more complex and …

World Bank?s Long-Term Growth Model (LTGM), by separating the total capital stock into public and private portions, with the … accompanying freely downloadable Excel-based tool. It also constructs a new Infrastructure Efficiency Index (IEI), by combining …

Academics and policy makers have long considered an adequate supply of infrastructure services to be essential for … economic development. This paper reviews recent theoretical and empirical literature on the effects of infrastructure … the drivers of income growth, the degree to which infrastructure represents a public or a private good, and the extent of …