factor productivity and the OECD's foreign direct investment Regulatory Restrictiveness Index, combined with data from … Indonesia?s input-output tables regarding the intensity with which manufacturing sectors use services inputs. Controlling for … observed increase in manufacturers' total factor productivity over the period. The total factor productivity gains accrue …

unequivocally improved the reallocative process. The correlation between productivity and employment growth did not strengthen and … the crisis induced the exit of relatively productive firms. The attenuation of the relationship between productivity and … entered during the crisis were relatively more productive, which helped mitigate the reduction in aggregate productivity …

The fallout of nitrogen pollution is considered one of the largest global externalities facing the world, impacting air …, Vietnam, and 33 African countries to analyze the causal links between pollution exposure experienced during the very earliest … stages of life and later-life health. The results show that pollution exposure experienced in the critical years of …

deforestation, pollution, and carbon intensities. Per capita emissions follow a $J$-curve. Specifically, poverty reduction occurs …

This paper surveys the recent literature exploring the causes of urban pollution in the developing world and the … implications of such pollution for a city's competitiveness. Within a system of cities, cities compete for jobs and people. Those … pollution inhibit urban competitiveness? Second, why is this effect likely to grow in importance over time? Third, why have …

This paper explores the links between city competitiveness and air pollution and the business environment. Because … increasing pollution levels and the effects of agglomeration economies. The analysis finds two interesting results. First, the … negative association between air pollution and firm performance can be seen at lower than expected levels of pollution. Second …

developed data on air pollution, tree cover loss, land degradation, slope, rainfall and temperature variability, and flood and …