polarization is a robust predictor of civil war, but it also finds evidence that religious polarization is positively and … and North Africa region, but not in the rest of the world. These results suggest that, unlike in the rest of the world …

(first-round impacts) and the role of gender inequality in framing adaptive responses to conflict (second-round impacts). War … impacts are seldom gender neutral. Death and destruction alter the structure and dynamics of households, including their … demographic profiles and traditional gender roles. To date, attention to the gender impacts of conflict has focused almost …

in conflict settings it often receives less attention than other forms of gender-based violence, such as conflict …

world. While moderate RER overvaluation is observed in post-conflicts, it cannot be traced down to the aid flows. The … empirical evidence on world growth reveals new findings about the pattern of catch-up growth during post-conflicts and the role …

of war; 2) given the war, what explains the reduction in economic growth in terms physical capital, labor force, human … capital, and productivity; and 3) what potential growth scenarios for Syria there could be in the aftermath of war. Estimates …

effects of the Syrian war and the advance of the Islamic State on the Levant. Syria and Iraq bear the brunt of the direct …