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Under the Kyoto Protocol, countries can meet treaty obligations by investing in projects that reduce or sequester greenhouse gases elsewhere. Prior to ratification, treaty participants agreed to launch country-based pilot projects, referred to collectively as Activities Implemented Jointly...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012747845
Although water variability has already been observed across river basins, climate change is predicted to increase variability. Such environmental changes may aggravate political tensions, especially in regions that are not equipped with an appropriate institutional apparatus. Increased...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012966022
Because of concern that OECD tariff reductions will translate into worsening export performance for the least developed countries, trade preferences have proven a stumbling block to developing country support for multilateral liberalization. The authors examine the actual scope for preference...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014061965
this scenario. Further investigations indicate that more ambitious world trade liberalization leads to greater poverty … world prices more than offset the adverse own liberalization effects in this scenario. If the Rest of the World (ROW) and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014062992
How high were import tariffs when GATT participants began negotiations to reduce them in 1947? Establishing this starting point is key to determining how successful the GATT has been in bringing down trade barriers. If the average tariff level was about 40 percent, as commonly reported, the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012936212
The WTO has delivered policy outcomes that are very different from those likely to emerge out of the recent wave of preferential trade agreements (PTAs). Should economists see this as an efficient institutional hand-off, where the WTO has carried trade liberalization as far as it can manage, and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012937212
With the success of the World Trade Organization and its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, in … literature on non-tariff measures in the world trading system. It provides a set of stylized facts based on available data on non … measures in the trade literature with a focus on the rules and institutions that govern non-tariff measures in the world …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012969264
This paper provides a detailed explanation how the law of the World Trade Organization regulates environmental … relevant World Trade Organization rules and case law, including the recent Canada-Renewable Energy case. The paper also makes … specific recommendations for how World Trade Organization law can be improved and discusses the literature on reform proposals …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012972628
countries fight about under World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement. The paper characterizes the scope of products, as …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012972945
Trade policy commitments to lower import tariffs and to maintain tariffs at low levels entail short and long-run political-economic costs and benefits. Empirical work examining the relationship between such commitments and the exercise of trade policy flexibilities is still relatively nascent,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012974687