services industry in Egypt. There is an especially critical role for bank financing to support the private sector to maintain …

The Russian banking sector includes approximately 1,000 banks, but is it competitive? This paper analyzes bank … across different groups of banks within Russia. Contestability in Russia is obstructed by uneven supervisory practices and an … unclear exit process. Non-structural measures reveal that banks in Russia are less competitive than those in Brazil. Within …

of private credit/gross domestic product; the positive effect of bank credit is especially pronounced in industries that …

This paper examines the evolving importance of banks and securities markets during the process of economic development … provided by banks, such that securities markets become increasingly important for future economic development. Some exploratory … evidence further suggests that deviations of a country?s actual financial structure -- the mixture of banks and markets …

The relationship between bank competition, firm access to finance, and economic growth is a much debated topic in the … impact of bank competition on industry growth in the Gulf Cooperation Council economies. The results show that greater … competition allows financially dependent firms to grow faster. In addition, the results show that lower restrictions on banks …