female entrepreneurship and various institutional factors, including women's financial inclusion, the gender gap in education … 2016. The paper finds that the gender gap in business ownership remains high in many economies around the world. In the … majority of the analyzed economies, less than one-third of new limited liability company owners are women. Although sole …

Despite their increasing prominence in policy debates, little is known about gender inequities in non …, Indonesia and Sri Lanka, this paper documents and analyzes gender differences in the individual portfolio choice and … productivity of non-farm entrepreneurship. Except for Ethiopia, women are less likely than men to become nonfarm entrepreneurs …

respond to declining income with coping strategies that can vary significantly by gender. In the past, women from low …Do women weather economic shocks differently than men? The evidence shows this to be the case, especially in low …-income countries. The first-round impacts of economic crises on women's employment should be particularly salient in the current …

persistence, and women's occupational constraints-- with particular emphasis on the role of access to infrastructure. The first … several gender-based or gender-related experiments -- a reduction in the cost of child rearing, improved wage equality in the … promoting the role of women in growth strategies …

ex ante risk-mitigating production decisions. Standard ordinary least squares regression results indicate that gender … matters as well; however, the measured productivity gap between male and female farmers disappears when gender is included in …

jobs and gifts at the time of elections. Can access to mass media that broadcasts public interest messages shift citizens … community radio is identified through a natural experiment in the media market in northern Benin, which yields exogenous …

Mass media play a crucial role in information distribution and in the political market and public policy making. Theory … predicts that information provided by the mass media reflects the media's incentives to provide news to different groups in … spanning a wide range of development stages and media markets to test these predictions. The empirical results are consistent …

channels through which mass media affect public policy outcomes. Prior research has concluded that governments provide greater … northern Benin, the paper finds that media access increases the likelihood that households pay for the bed nets they receive … media appears to change the private behavior of citizens -- in this case, to invest more of their own resources on a public …

with greater access to mass media receive greater benefits from targeted government welfare programs, but has not addressed … research, the authors find that this media effect does not operate through government accountability: government inputs into …

monetary costs among women in rural Nigeria. To measure psychic costs, vaccine take-up between two conditions to receive cash …