We examine variations in the South-North ratios (emerging vs. industrialized countries) of energy and labor intensities … countries and 35 sectors for 1995-2009. We find South-North convergence of energy and labor intensities, an energy bias of … average. Brazil reduces energy intensity via imports of intermediate and investment goods above average. Production of …

We examine variations in the South-North ratios (emerging vs. industrialized countries) of energy and labor intensities … countries and 35 sectors for 1995-2009. We find South-North convergence of energy and labor intensities, an energy bias of … average. Brazil reduces energy intensity via imports of intermediate and investment goods above average. Production of …

two types of technologies, for instance, by additionally charging for waste and energy use. …

two types of technologies, for instance, by additionally charging for waste and energy use. …

&D) of renewable electricity technologies and insufficient investments in energy efficiency (EE) in the presence of carbon …

far outweigh an emerging 'cannibalization' trend that results from substantial additions of solar power having made energy …

Accounting for nearly 8% of global annual carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, the cement industry is considered difficult … about one-third relative to the status quo. Yet, this willingness to abate emissions increases sharply at a carbon price of … price of €81 per ton of CO2, as observed on average in 2022, incentivizes firms to reduce their annual direct emissions by …