Klein, Gordon J. - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW) - 2010
nineties. Theoretical work has shown that leniency programs can be effective in enhancing cartel detection and deterrence, but …. Empirical evidence shows that the positive effect on cartel deterrence seems to dominate, but cannot provide definite evidence …' competition intensity of leniency programs indicating effectiveness in cartel destabilization and effective deterrence. …