this paper, the effects of language proficiency on earnings are analyzed for foreigners in Germany with joint consideration …

Less than half of the people with migration background living in Germany possess foreign citizenship. Hence, using … use of citizenship, estimates are presented in comparison to foreigner and German citizens. The results show that persons … not differ much from those of German citizenship. Therefore, using citizenship to approximate natives and non- natives …

these two groups in Germany. The estimates show a substantial gap for both groups with respect to natives. Discarding … Germany is an important component of economic integration and degrees obtained abroad are valued less. …

visit. Both predictions are confirmed on four waves of data from the German Socio-Economic Panel. The estimated marginal …

welfare recipients in Germany. In particular, we investigate whether program effects differ between both groups and what might …

We evaluate the effects of the most frequently used German welfare-to-work program on the employment chances of …

the KfW Start-up Monitor, a representative annual survey of the German population. The results show that experience …

the KfW Start-up Monitor, a representative annual survey of the German population. The results show that experience …