expenditure and development expenditure, due to data availability. However, in most industries only (applied) research will lead … to patentable knowledge, and development happens after the initial research phase that may have led to a patent. Instead … Belgian firms. It turns out that only the 'R' part of R&D expenditure has a significant effect on patents and that development …

expenditure and development expenditure, due to data availability. However, in most industries only (applied) research will lead … to patentable knowledge, and development happens after the initial research phase that may have led to a patent. Instead … Belgian firms. It turns out that only the 'R' part of R&D expenditure has a significant effect on patents and that development …

The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of 2018 introduced stringent transparency rules compelling firms to …

, investments increase off-net traffic from the investor’s network but also from competitors’ networks. Regulation changes the … functions. Testing for a common regulation-investment effect provides evidence that the negative investment externality is not … due to regulation. …

This paper considers the impact of European telecom regulation on the value of affected companies. Employing a … repeating ARGARCH model, I compare the effect of three types of regulation which are categorized based on the addressed subject …, i.e. cross-market, country-specific and company-specific regulation. While standard event study approaches are a special …