with respect to the ability of their employees when training is certified by credible external institutions. We apply an … institutions at that the end of apprenticeship training can be signalled to outside employers. Apprenticeship graduates however … cannot signal their work-related ability - measured by a small voluntary bonus paid by the training employer - to the outside …

life-long-learning strategies. In this paper our aim is to explain to what extent the variation in training investments is … determinants of training. Rather than analyzing single determinants or groups of variables, we decompose the variation into a … show that both firm-, job- and worker-level heterogeneity explains training participation and that firm heterogeneity is …

This paper analyses the effect of the economic crisis in 2008 and 2009 on individual training activities of different … on individual training history (WeLL-ADIAB). The so-called Great Recession can be seen as an exogenous, unexpected, and … crisis on the training participation and the number of training measures. We find a direct negative effect of the crisis on …

This paper analyses the effect of training participation on employees' retention in the training company. It for the …, visibility, and credibility of training. Based on an extensive German linked-employer-employee data set with detailed information … on training history (WeLL-ADIAB), we show that training increases employees' retention. We compare the probability to …