-in-differences design to causally identify the short-run impact of COVID-19 on innovation spending in 2020 and expected innovation spending … substantially reduced innovation expenditure not only in the first year of the pandemic (2020) but also in the two subsequent years …, indicating 'Long-Covid' effects on innovation. In 2020, innovation expenditure fell by 4.7 % due to the pandemic. In 2022 …

the innovation process. Markets with high competition also force enterprises to produce imitative innovations but give …

the innovation process. Markets with high competition also force enterprises to produce imitative innovations but give …

(2011), and De Loecker and Warzynski (2012). The analysis reveals a sharp drop in markups during the crisis, followed by a … post-crisis increase. The European average has not yet reached its pre-crisis level, which is in contrast to results for … the US, where average markups have climbed to pre-crisis levels already in 2011. There is significant heterogeneity among …

market mechanism. As a response, public instruments have been implemented to stimulate private innovation activities. The … Establishment Panel and apply various microeconometric methods to estimate the effect of public measures on innovation activities of …

This paper investigates whether firms innovate persistently or discontinuously over time using an innovation panel data … set on German manufacturing and service firms for the period 1994?2002. We find that innovation behaviour is permanent at … innovation experience, the results further highlight the important role of knowledge provided by skilled employees and unobserved …

In this paper we analyse the relationship between export and innovation activities of German service sector companies … using data from the 1997 wave of the Mannheim Innovation Panel in the Service Sector. There is a lot of support for the … Schumpeterian hypothesis of export activities being mainly driven by innovation activities. Factor endowment theories are only …