This paper analyzes the impact increased offshoring has on labor income risk. It is therefore distinct from a large … second moments, i.e. the variance of incomes. It provides an assessment that directly connects labor income risk and …. Permanent income risk is defined as variance of shocks to income that do not fade out over time and are assumed to be not self …

facing uninsurable idiosyncratic labor income risk. The Ramsey government internalizes the general equilibrium feedback of … optimal aggregate saving rate is independent of income risk. The optimal time-invariant tax on capital is increasing in income … risk. Its sign depends on the extent of risk and on the Pareto weight of future generations. If the Ramsey tax rate that …

productivity and aggregate business cycle risk. We show analytically that the whole welfare benefit from joint insurance against … both risks is greater than the sum of benefits from insurance against the isolated risk components. One reason is the … convexity of the welfare gain in total risk. The other reason is a direct risk interaction which amplifies the utility losses …