This paper analyzes how companies of immigrant entrepreneurs in knowledgeintensive industries differ from companies of … native entrepreneurs with respect to start-up characteristics, firm survival and innovative performance. I focus on …. Immigrant entrepreneurs are less than half as likely to found a company in a knowledge-intensive industry as native …

successful than single entrepreneurs? These questions are analysed using data on academic spinoffs in Germany. Firm success is … measured by employment growth. I find that team foundations have higher employment growth than single entrepreneurs. Team … heterogeneity in the academic origins of the founders do not play a significant role for the employment growth of academic spinoffs …

creditors. The findings suggest that creditors are better off when entrepreneurs have a clear picture of their own abilities and …

Due to their origin from universities, academic spin‐offs operate at the forefront of the technological development …. Therefore, spin‐offs exhibit a skill‐biased labour demand, i.e. spin‐offs have a high demand for employees with cutting edge … knowledge and technical skills. In order to accommodate this demand, spin‐offs may have to pay a relative wage premium compared …