or output of a knowledge production function. We suggest that the productivity of research in patent production functions … to patentable knowledge, and development happens after the initial research phase that may have led to a patent. Instead … of using data on R&D, we separate the knowledge creating process into 'R' and 'D'. This data stems from R&D surveys of …

In this paper it is tested which of the various alternative approaches for constructing knowledge spillover pools … knowledge spillovers are unmeasurable, a 'goodness of fit' measure is constructed using innovation survey data. It turns out … that measures of the uncentered correlation of firm characteristics seem to fit actual knowledge spillovers best. Direct …

This study tests for financial constraints on R&D investment and how they differ from capital investment. To identify …, measured by mark-ups, are more decisive for R&D than for capital investment. For external constraints, we find a monotonic … relationship between the level of constriction and firm size for both types of investment. Thus, external constraints turn out to …

This study focuses on the effect of public funding on internal R&D investment and on total innovation intensity on a …

’s decision to invest in R&D and quantify the cost and longrun benefit of this investment. The model incorporates and quantifies … linkages between the firm’s R&D investment, product and process innovations, and future productivity and profits. The dynamic …&D investment. For the median productivity firm, investment in R&D raises firm value by 3.0 percent in a group of hightech …