changes later in childhood. Since smoking is one source of producing carbon monoxide and thus affects child health negatively …This paper examines the impact of outdoor and indoor pollution on children’s health from birth until the age of three … years in Germany. We use representative data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), combined with five air pollution …

error in the peer background variable. When we correct for measurement error we find within school estimates close to the …

significantly lower grades and lower secondary school recommendations when bearing a Turkish sounding name. -- Experiment … ; discrimination ; grading ; pupils with migration ; background …

Over the 2000s, many federal states in Germany shortened the duration of secondary school by one year while keeping the …

-run delay in return to work, which might rationalize a negative causal health effect. Breaking down the results by mothers’ pre …-birth health status suggests that the higher incidence of long-term sickness absence among the treated may be explained by the fact … that the reform has facilitated re-entry of a negative health selection into the labor market. …