Abstract In this paper we analyze the economic effects of the European Court of Justice’s (CoJ’s) jurisdiction on national health care systems in Europe, especially in Germany. We focus on the CoJ’s decisions concerning European patients’ rights to choose freely among suppliers of...

Abstract The European carbon emissions trading system has become operative on January 1 st , 2005. By its decision to implement the world′s largest system for tradable emissions permits the EU started an impressive experiment. While emissions trading systems already exist elsewhere (cf....

Abstract In this paper we examine different forms of a 4th hurdle for the reimbursement of pharmaceuticals, i.e. an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceuticals. This instrument is aimed to organize the decision on the reimbursement of pharmaceuticals more efficiently than it...