Abstract A rising discussion can be seen concerning a transformation of health care systems. Real system changes have till now strengthened competition predominantly and reduced state interventions. Such a procedure also is probably the right way for the German system. Previous reform trials in...

Abstract In this paper we examine different forms of a 4th hurdle for the reimbursement of pharmaceuticals, i.e. an economic evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceuticals. This instrument is aimed to organize the decision on the reimbursement of pharmaceuticals more efficiently than it...