Apprenticeship plans provide the basis for reliably and comprehensively classifying the skills of a large share of Germany’s workforce. In total, we classify more than 13,000 different skills and the duration of learning each skill based on the apprenticeship plans. Workers who have acquired...

Human capital theory recognizes that time preferences - patience - are important for skill investments. We show how Facebook interests can be used to construct subnational measures of patience. Differences in patience are closely related to regional student achievement in Italy and the United...