firms tend to choose locations that are symmetric around the point of highest density, and there can be no agglomeration. …

interest in measuring the size and scope of local spillovers (i.e., simple anonymous agglomeration or congestion effects, or …

interactions. In particular, we prove uniqueness in the case of congestion effects and use a series of simulations to demonstrate … that a unique equilibrium is more likely to obtain (i) the smaller are any agglomeration effects, (ii) the larger are the …

estimate how agglomeration and congestion effects have changed between 1972 and 1992. Non-service sectors are found to be …

where commuting takes place. We show that this combination of congestion and agglomeration externalities leads to a general … introduce bid rent models that allow for endogenous business and residential location choice as well as employment agglomeration … residents as jobs at every location. We extend the latter model by introducing a traffic congestion external effect that adds a …

Consider an urban economy with two types of externalities, negative traffic congestion externalities and positive … agglomeration externalities deriving from non-market interaction. Suppose that urban travel can be tolled, that non … toll is below the congestion externality cost. This paper explores this line of reasoning. …

Traffic congestion alleviation has long been a common core transport policy objective, but it remains unclear under … (2001 to 2007). Using instrumental variables, results suggest that congestion slows job growth above thresholds of … congestion-induced travel delay impeding productivity growth. Results suggest that the strict policy focus on travel time savings …

agglomeration externalities. We extend this model by introducing a traffic congestion externality. We show that congestion induces a … interplay between these externalities is then demonstrated, as reduced congestion leads to commercial concentration and … agglomeration gains. …